Institute of Continuing Education (ICE)
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Because of the impact worldwide of the coronavirus (COVID-19), the 2020 International Summer Programmes have been replaced by the Virtual Summer Festival of Learning
Vladimir Lenin’s Bolsheviks came to power in 1917 promising to establish a democratic, equal society out of the ruins of Tsarism. Josef Stalin died in 1953 with Russia far away from the ideals of 1917. This course examines the development of Russian society and politics and explores how the dream of socialism became a nightmare of dictatorship.